Two Main Types Of Cells In Nervous System Biology Essay

Two Main Types Of Cells In Nervous System Biology Essay There are two main types of cells in the nervous system. These two types are neurons and neuroglia. A neuron is a nerve cell that transmits impulses of the nervous system. Three main parts make up a neuron: cell body, axon, and dendrite. The cell body of a neuron contains the nucleus and cytoplasm. The axon conducts impulses away from the cell body and is away from the cell body a single slender projection from the cell body. A dendrite sticks out off the cell body. It is shaped somewhat like a tree branch. Neuroglia is a type of connective tissue that supports the neurons. Neuroglia protects the nervous system instead of conducting impulses. Neuroglia use a process called phagocytosis to get rid of any unwanted substances. Neuroglia come in three types; astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. Astrocytes are cells that possess many processes for attachment. Astrocytes are more plentiful than any other neuroglia, and are only present in the central nervous system. Astrocytes combined with the walls of a blood capillary, prevent harmful substances from passing from the blood to the brain. Microglia have branch like processes protruding from their bodies. The purpose of microglia is to remove debris, waste products, and pathogens from nervous tissue. Microglia increase in number when there is an injury or infection of the tissue. Oligodendrocytes have processes that protrude from their body and coil around axons. Oligodendrocytes main purpose is to be an electrical insulator and help speed the conduction of nerve impulses. #2 The peripheral nervous system contains twelve pairs of cranial nerves and thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves. The peripheral nervous system transmits sensory and motor impulses to and from the central nervous system and other parts of the body. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is made of nerves. According to Comprehensive medical Terminology 3rd Edition by Betty Davis Jones, A nerve is a cord like bundle of nerve fibers that transmits impulses to and from the brain and spinal cords to other parts of the body. A nerve is macroscopic (i.e., able to be seen without the aid of a microscope). A ganglion is a knot like mass of nerve cell bodies located outside the CNS. The peripheral nervous system also has afferent and efferent nerves. Afferent nerves are sensory nerves that carry impulses from the body to the central nervous system. Efferent nerves are motor nerves that carry impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands. Efferent nerves make the organs respond to a command by completing an action. There are two smaller nervous systems within the PNS called the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The main difference between the somatic and autonomic nervous system is that the somatic nervous system is under voluntary control of the skeletal muscle contractions and the autonomic nervous system operates under involuntary control of the smooth and cardiac muscle as well as glandular activities and secretions. #3 The two main components of the central nervous system are the spinal cord and the brain. There is a protective membrane that surrounds the contents of the central nervous system. The membrane is made up of connective tissue called meninges as well as cerebrospinal fluid. The meninges are made up of three layers of membranes. The first layer is the dura mater. The dura mater is a tough white connective tissue. The second layer of the meninges is the arachnoid membrane. The arachnoid membrane is a thin layer of strands that connect to the innermost layer of meninges. The third layer is the pia meter. The pia meter is bound tightly to the surface of the CNS contents. #4 The brain, one of the organs found in the central nervous system can be divided into four sections. The first section is the cerebrum. The cerebrum controls consciousness, memory, sensations, emotions, and voluntary movements. The second section is the cerebellum. The cerebellum maintains muscle tone and coordinates normal movement as balance. The third section of the brain is the diencephalon which contains the thalamus, and the hypothalamus. The thalamus receives sensory stimuli and relays them to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus activates, controls, and integrates the peripheral autonomic nervous system, processes, and some sensory functions like body temperature, sleep, and appetite. The fourth and final section of the brain is the brain stem. The brain stem serves as a pathway for conduction of impulses between the brain and spinal cord. It controls such vital functions as respiration, blood pressure, and hear rate. (Davis Jones, 2008) #5 There are many pathological conditions that one may come across. Following will be a list of the just a few along with a description and treatment options for each. Anencephaly is where a child is born without a brain and spinal cord. It is a congenital disorder. A child born with this disorder cannot live. Anencephaly can be detected during pregnancy by the use of amniocentesis or ultrasonography. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is pain caused by pinching or compressing of the median nerve. Inflammation and swelling of the tendons is what causes the pinching or compression. The pain of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is the worst during the night. The inflammation associated with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is caused by repetitious overuse of the fingers, hands, or wrists. There is a treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome which includes taking anti-inflammatory medication, applying splints, attending physical therapy, and stopping the overuse. If these actions do not fix the problem, surgery may be necessary to relieve the pressure. A cerebral contusion is a bruise of the brain tissue that appears when the brain strikes the inner skull. Cerebral contusions cause swelling of the brain. Symptoms consistent with a cerebral contusion are combativeness, increased intracranial pressure, and altered levels of consciousness. Treatments for cerebral contusions are close observation, hospitalization, maintain cerebral perfusion, and administer corticosteroids, and osmotic diuretics. A headache or cephalagia is another pathological condition. Cephalagia is chronic to acute pain in the cranial cavity. A headache may be the result of a disease or other condition, but may also be benign. Treatment for headaches includes taking a mild analgesic. Petit mal seizures are a type of seizure where there is a sudden short time of unconsciousness. Unconsciousness associated with petit mal seizures last only a few seconds. Signs of a petit mal seizure are blank facial expression or repeated blinking for a short time. Most people suffering from petit mal seizures are small children prior to puberty. Peripheral neuritis is inflammation of one or more peripheral nerves. Other disorders are associated with peripheral neuritis such as trigeminal neuritis, Bells palsy, and carpal tunnel syndrome. Each disorder produces unique symptoms and has different treatments. Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor in the sympathetic nervous system. Neuroblastoma occurs in the adrenal medulla and usually spreads to the liver, lungs, lymph nodes, and bone. Parkinsons disease is a slow deterioration of the nerves in the brain stems motor system. Signs and symptoms associated with Parkinsons disease are stooped posture, bowed head, shuffling gait, expressionless face, muffled speech, and difficulty swallowing. Treatment for Parkinsons disease is drug therapy, controlling the symptoms, and physical therapy. A surgical technique called a pallidotomy is sometimes used, but is not always successful. Shingles is a viral infection in adults who have had chicken pox. Shingles causes inflammation of the spinal or cranial nerve pathway. Symptoms commonly associated with shingles are server pain, fever, itching, GI disturbances, headache, general tiredness, and increased skin sensitivity. Treatment for shingles includes antiviral medications, analgesics, and corticosteroids. Spinal bifida cystic is a disorder in which the back part of one or more vertebrae is not normally closed. In this opening, cysts come through the fifth lumbar. There are tons of other pathological conditions a person may develop all of which have different symptoms, effects, and treatments.

Privacy And Security Concerns Regarding Health Information Essay

Case 4.8 – E-mail Goes Astray Primarily, the technician is the one responsible for the breach in confidentiality because he was the one who sent out the e-mails. Moreover, he did not seek instructions from Kaiser Permanente regarding the backlogged e-mails. Kaiser Permanente hired the technician to upgrade their system. Therefore, tasks other than doing upgrades should be consulted to the company. The technician should have asked whether the accumulated e-mails in the system should be sent out, and he should have asked what to do with them. However, Kaiser Permanente is partly responsible for the breach, because first and foremost, since they hold millions of private information, they should have made sure that that information would not be compromised. They should have made their system secure and only accessible to Kaiser Permanente personnel. Yes, situations like this discourage subscribers in using the system of Kaiser Permanente. However, the services that Kaiser Permanente offer is of great value and subscribers will not easily discontinue their subscription. But Kaiser Permanente has to ensure their subscribers that this will not happen in the future by informing them what caused the breach and reassuring them that upgrades are being done to improve the security of the system and the privacy of their information. The most important thing to do here is to be honest and at the same time make great efforts to secure the system of the company. Case 4.17 – Patient’s Files Used for Obscene Calls Definitely, background checks should be conducted before hiring new employees because this would ensure the safety of the clients, especially in the health care industry. Employers should be granted access to criminal records for them to be able to identify the extent of the crime that ex-convicts have committed. Cases such as child rape and indecent assault is a serious crime that should not be disregarded when hiring employees, especially when the job requires dealing with other people, children, etc. such as in the health care institution. Former employees who are given access to system information that are confidential, such as passwords, etc. should be screened out from the system. In other words, once an employee is not connected with the institution anymore, his access to the system should be deleted or reset. In this case, the system of the health care institution is at fault because it failed to keep the information confidential and secure. In this case, the hospital is accountable for the actions of the technician. Primarily because they hired an employee without doing background checks, they do not monitor the system, wherein they could have detected that calls were being made and the information of the clients were being accessed, and the system is not 100 % secure. Case 4.44 – University Tightens Computer Security Because of the wide range of subscribers in university medical centers information systems, it becomes vulnerable to hackers. In this case, they hacked into the system and used it to send hundreds of advertisements in their e-mails. The hackers wanted to target the significant number of subscribers in the system. However, the information within the system is not precisely the target of the breach. It is not entirely the medical center’s fault. This is because hackers do what they do. They find ways to get into the system even if security measures were set-up to avoid breaching the security of an information system. Therefore, even if the system is secure, hackers will really find a way to get into the system. The medical center’s fault was that they were not able to detect that the system was being hacked. They should have upgrades in the system, which will be used in monitoring the system and alarming when hackers breach the system.

The Case of American Apparel(a Clothing Manufacturer)

Two Practices in Business related to the topic from Business Magazines. The case of American Apparel(a clothing manufacturer): Charney squarely declares : â€Å"I've had relationships, loving relationships, that I'm proud of. I think it's a First Amendment right to pursue one's affection for another human being. † And he is talking about his staff. He has admitted to having numerous love affairs with colleagues in the past. He is even known to work at office dressed in nothing other than underwear. This attitude in fact percolates to American Apparel’s culture, is almost second-nature for most of the employees and is visible even in the decor of its stores. The stores' white walls are dotted with product shots. Like the company's signature advertisements, these are grainy, seemingly candid photos of young people in various states of undress. Charney has been adept at weaving his libertarian sexual attitude with his progressive labor practices. But to make it the gospel or the bedrock principle for it to be followed by ALL of its employees is another story. In May 2005, he was sued by three women — all former American Apparel employees — who claim they were sexually harassed by him at work. Businessweek spoke to multiple employees of American Apparel to gather an understanding of the under-currents of their workplace. Most stated that the place reeks of a highly sexual atmosphere and they were offended by it. So much so that Mr. Charney himself does not deny a report that precluded the sexual harassment case filed, which reported that he engaged in graphic sexual acts with a female employee in presence of the journalist. Seniors actively pursued sexual relationships with the junior colleagues and rewarded them accordingly. Yet, there are people with sound sense everywhere and there were 3 women employees who complained of sexual harassment. They consequently filed a case against Mr. Charney. He came out in his defense flatly refuting the charges against him and claimed that these 3 women were sub-standard employees and gave no indication before they left that they had felt harassed. By all accounts, the 3 litigants were not involved with him physically. Yet, all 3 accused Mr. Charney of using foul and unparliamentary language frequently when conversing with them. They also said that this offended and shocked them and created â€Å"a hostile work environment. † One of the women stated that her boss made her work life miserable with unwelcome sexual comments and suggestive signals. And she says she was dismissed after she complained. One of the purposes that this case serves is that it clearly illustrates the role of perception of sexual harassment at workplace. Business owners, managers and the business culture they propagate are critical components of any no-tolerance plan regarding sexual harassment. Should harassment occur, evidence needs to be provided that appropriate steps are undertaken to prevent and handle the incident. This is why a sexual harassment policy is critical. However, in American Apparel’s case, instead of a robust policy to take care of any potential sexual harassment case, the CEO of the firm himself indulged in harassing his exployees. This resulted in the perception that has come to be recognized now with the name of American Apparel. The company even maintains a string of apartments in the U. S. and Canada to save money on hotel rooms for obvious purposes. Any potential employee now goes looking for a job in A. A. knowing fully well the attitude of the firm towards sexual and suggestive behaviour in the workplace. Practices in business related to sexual harassment: Sexual harassment training programs: As much as 62% of all US businesses now offer some kind of sexual harassment prevention training programs for employees: managers and subordinates alike. Though not a legal requirement for any business(yet), these programs do tend to serve as an assurance in the minds of the employers that should there be a case of sexual harassment at work, they do have a recourse, a channel to address it. And to protect them in case a lawsuit is filed. Some reports suggest that sexual harassment cases are increasingly on the rise. Not only this, the reports also suggest that the harassment has reached the higher levels of management, as in the case of American Apparel. Keeping this in mind, it becomes all the more imperative and necessary for a firm to adopt a sexual harassment prevention policy. It is imperative that an employee is provided a safe and comfortable environment to work in. In â€Å"Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: A Primer†, Barry Roberts and Richard Mann recommend that businesses need to understand sexual harassment; communicate a policy; enforce a policy; establish procedures; and enforce policy. In that respect, a sexual harassment training program plays an all important role. For a policy or set of grievance procedures to be effective, all employees, from upervisors to line workers, administrators to custodial staff, need to be knowledgeable about the company's policy and grievance procedures. Sexual harassment training needs to be very explicit in explaining the laws pertaining to sexual harassment, clearly define and describe the company’s policy and its grievance procedure. Effective programs reflect good teac hing and learning practices. They are descriptive, intensive, relevant, and positive (Berkowitz 1998): –They require the involvement of all members of a company or school and include family and community members who have an influence on the employees' or students' life. -They offer participatory, problem-based learning experiences that are interactive and actively engage the student in learning. –They are tailored to the â€Å"age, community culture, and socioeconomic status of the trainee and are contextualized to the individual's peer group experiences† (ibid. , p. 3). –They present information from a positive viewpoint, encouraging healthy behavior rather than forbidding poor behaviour.

Critical Analysis of Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay

As human beings we take everything for granted. We think not of the struggle that nature endures to blossom into something that we can find divine. Nor do we think about the hours and passion that a writer may have put into that piece of literature we pick up and read. We are expectant creatures who complain when it’s too hot outside, not even thinking that, that warmth is keeping us alive, or we get mad when it rains too much, not appreciating it for keeping nature flourishing. Ralph Waldo Emerson talks of humans’ disdain for nature and how detached we have become in his piece â€Å"Nature.† We’ll take a look at Emerson’s opinion on the lack of compassion and awe that mankind has for the world around them. Nature was not uncommon to be a†¦show more content†¦Emerson makes it very clear that it is absurd that we are ungrateful for the flora around us when it is never unkind or unforgiving. Whereas the busy industrialized world will eat you alive, the calm invitation of nature will accept you gladly in its presence every time. He writes about how it is rare for adults to be in awe of nature, and that we need to preserve a sense of childhood within us. The reason being, that children are more prone to the discovery of their surroundings. They have not yet become accustomed to trees blowing in the wind, or water gathering on the ground. They are not annoyed by the sounds of birds, and hold no disgust yet for crawling creatures. They are just simply in wonderstruck by it all, as if it is something too good to be true; this is the virtue that Emerson wants us all to hold dear. As a society, we have gotten so out of touch with the world as it should be, and now it’s all about trying to make everything â€Å"better.† The Swarthmore College of Environmental Studies says that â€Å"It is hard to argue that industrialization has not brought humans a greater ability to manipulate their environment (Industrialization and the Environment).† This is the very thing that Emerson is acting against. We have to get back in touch with nature, because then we will find ourselves closer to God. As it stands right now, it seems we are all trying to play our own â€Å"gods.† WeShow MoreRelated Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay1326 Words   |  6 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson Ralph Waldo Emerson was born on May 25, 1803 in Boston, Massachusetts. Early in his life, Emerson followed in the footsteps of his father and became minister, but this ended in 1832 when he felt he could no longer serve as a minister in good conscience. He experienced doubts about the Christian church and its doctrine. These reservations were temporarily alleviated by his brief association with Unitarianism, but soon Emerson became discontent with even their decidedlyRead MoreTranscendentalism And Its Impact On Society1491 Words   |  6 Pagessociety that thinkers found that conflicted with their identified ideology. The transcendentalists basically had this triangle where the basics of their beliefs were outlined, starting off with God at the top, the man in the left corner, and finally nature in the right corner, these could very well be the cornerstones of the transcendental belief system that they have in place. There were many areas that fell within in this triangle, but th ose are to be discussed later into this evaluation, but theRead More The Importance of Non-conformity and Independent Beliefs in Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Self-Reliance2779 Words   |  12 PagesIn Ralph Waldo Emerson’s â€Å"Self-Reliance,† Emerson calls for each person in society to be wholly true to themselves. He claims that it is most rewarding to the individual and the society for people to believe in one’s own thoughts and not in the thoughts of others. Emerson believes that conformity will ultimately lead to an individual’s demise because by living for others, people are not being true to themselves. Therefore in order to have a well-formed society, citizens should focus inward andRead MoreThe Great Traversers By Ralph Waldo Emerson2868 Words   |  12 Pagesthree transcendental ideas, as presented by Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Henry David Thoreau) In this spirit I have just discovered Emerson. For forty years I have known something about him, of course—that he was a mystical philosopher; the apostle of transcendentalism in America†¦.† (Abbot, lines 9-10). From within the text of the author of this quote, it can be seen the shear praise and gratitude held for a man by the name of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Emerson as mentioned in the quote, is considered toRead MoreHenry David Thoreau1930 Words   |  8 Pagesnecessities of life (â€Å"Henry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ency. of World). As a child, he enjoyed exploring nature and was fascinated by its beauty. In his novel Walden, he remarks that â€Å"every morning was a cheerful invitation to make [his] life of equal simplicity†¦ with Nature herself,† and even contemplates that â€Å"[he had] never yet met a man who was quite awake† (Thoreau 70, 72). Thoreau believed that the true purpose of living resided in nature, and this is present not only in his wor k but throughout his personal life. InRead MoreEvolution Of Freedom Through History Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pagestrue freedom. Three such philosophic minds are that of G.W.F. (Georg Wilhelm Friedrich) Hegel, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Friedrich Nietzsche. Although each of the philosopher’s ideas on the role history plays in several ways, they all believe that its end result is significant in the eventual possibility of political freedom: Hegel discusses the methods of history and the Spirit within it, while Emerson believes in a more universal or individualistic mind and Nietzsche being less historical has moreRead MoreTranscendentalism in Civil Disobedience3710 Words   |  15 PagesDannheisig 1 Jan-Hendrik Dannheisig Susanne Hamscha, M.A. Re(dis)covering America: Emerson, Thoreau, and American Democracy 10 April 2012 Transcendentalism in Civil Disobedience Thoreaus Politics of Individuality and Nature Dannheisig 2 Contents Introduction 1. Transcendentalism a. Nature b. Introspective Conscience and Politics 2. Political Individualism a. Ethical and Political (In)justice b. Critique of Democracy Conclusion Bibliography 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Dannheisig 3 IntroductionRead MoreI Make An Impression It Must Be By Being Most Myself1115 Words   |  5 Pagescritic she called for equality of women. Fuller was thought of as â€Å"America’s first feminist† she pioneered the idea that women could argue philosophy with men. Fuller’s works all had a reoccurring theme that seemed to speak to her experiences. An analysis of her essay, Woman in the Nineteenth Century, she expresses many transcendentalist ideas. The main idea behind this essay is the growth of all individuals, women and men equally included. It show the enlightenment of men and women given someRead MoreHenry David Thoreau: The Grat Transcendentalist Essay1932 Words   |  8 Pagesto absorb every aspect of the education to the fullest. Upon his graduation Thoreau refused to pay the five dollar processing fee for his diploma because it was made of sheepskin, a tradition at Harvard University. This shows Thoreau’s respect for nature and the individual which is shown in much of his work. While studying at Harvard Thoreau was â€Å"influenced by Greek and Latin curriculum and developed a love of classical writers such as Homer who is reflected in the â€Å"reader† chapter of Walden† (SattelmeyerRead MoreHenry David Thoreau4404 Words   |  18 Pagesschool, but resigned after a few weeks rather than administer corporal punishment.[18]:25 He and his brother John then opened a grammar school in Concord in 1838 called Concord Academy.[18]:25 They introduced several progressive concepts, including nature walks and visits to local shops and businesses. The school ended when John became fatally ill from tetanus in 1842[19] after cutting himself while shaving. He died in his brother Henrys arms.[20] Meanwhile, he was spending a good deal of time writing

What You Must Know About Argumentative Research Essay Samples

What You Must Know About Argumentative Research Essay Samples Each paragraph needs to be restricted to the discussion of one general idea. You might also want to incorporate a quick discussion of more research that ought to be completed in light of your work. The next portion of your intro is devoted to offering some in depth background information on your topic. The objective is to take a particular position on the subject. If you would like to learn what an argumentative essay is, the very first thing you need to remember is that its primary purpose is to convince the audience to accept your viewpoint. The procedure for getting good argumentative research essay topics is hard. You will then have to approach this issue by gathering, generating, and evaluating credible sources to back up your evidence. Deciding upon an argumentative topic isn't that easy. The Downside Risk of Argumentative Research Essay Samples Before concluding the essay, it is important to summarise with a strong emphasis on the subject. To compose a strong argumentative essay, students should start by familiarizing themselves with a number of the common, and frequently conflicting, positions on the research topic so they can write an educated paper. When you're writing an abortion argumentative essay, you're totally free to support any side that you desire. Once every so often, your professor might offer you the liberty of writing an argumentative essay for college on the subject of your pick. An argumentative essay is a certain sort of academic writing. It is one of the many academic essay types. It requires you to decide on a topic and take a position on it. Every argumentative essay ought to depend on a topic that may be debated. It is very important to note an argumentative essay and an expository essay could be similar, but they vary greatly when it comes to the quantity of pre-writing and research involved. You may have a look at the extra info on the best way to compose an eye-catching essay introduction with a hook. Whether you cannot decide on topics for argumentative essay, don't find out how to begin, or simply require a good example of a well-structured paper in a particular format, we're always prepared to help! In general, the procedure for argumentative essay writing is quite much like that of writing different essays, but there are a number of specifics to think about. Dissertation writing has become the most challenging task which makes students spend sleepless nights attempting to create a superb paper. Creating an outline is a significant portion of writing. Students have a difficult time in writing if they don't have a draft or outline to follow. Drafting and planning together with researching should be done in order to have a simple writing. In such times it is suggested to find expert help from best academic writing on the web to supply students with the guidance and mentoring for them to satisfy their academic paper requirements and deliver their assignments in time. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. It's not quite as easy as writing an essay about your summer vacation, your loved ones, or the previous party you've been to, as you don't need to do research to learn about your personal experience. My essay is separated into three standard components, the introduction, the human body and the conclusion. Whether it's an argumentative or expository essay which you are writing, it is crucial to develop a clear thesis statement and a very clear sound reasoning. An excellent thesis statement will accomplish exactly the same thing. It will prom ote your position and should be the final sentence of the introductory paragraph. Moreover, it's crucial for a student to know various sides of an argument. Usually students place topic sentence at the start of the paragraph. The Unusual Secret of Argumentative Research Essay Samples Choose something you're passionate about. For the time being, just give them a notion of you will speak about later. You should have your reasons, and our primary concern is that you wind up getting an excellent grade. An argumentative essay example will reveal the should possess some important components which make it better in the practice of convincing.

Analysis Of The Poem The Spoon River - 1104 Words

Small town life is in many places. You may not see it, but its everywhere. Newport, Vermont is an example of small town life. Newport has one small hospital, one church, no mall, many small shops, and one small movie theater. The small town life written in on the epitaphs in Edger Lee Masters Spoon River Anthology accurately reflects small town life in Newport, Vermont. Edgar Lee Masters was a poet and a novelist. He was born on August 23,1868 in Garnett, Kansas. His parents are Hardin Wallace Masters and Emma J. Dexter. Masters grew up on his grandmother?s farm in Illinois. After growing up on his grandmother?s farm, he became a lawyer in Chicago. He died March 5,1950 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Spoon River Anthology is made up of 244 epitaph poems. The epitaphs are fictional people from a fictional town. The poems are written in free-verse. Free-verse is when a poet uses no pattern to the poem. When Masters started the Spoon River Anthology, he ?began to contribute his Spoon River epitaphs to Reedy?s Mirror in the spring of 1914.? (Flanagan, John 21) Before this Masters never received recognition for his work. In 1915 the Spoon River Anthology was published . It ?captured him into fame and began a critical discussion of his poetry witch raged unabated for several decades.? (Flanagan 21) After this Edger Lee Masters became almost immediately a towering figure in the New American poetry. People were writing articles in various periodicals entitled Masters andShow MoreRelatedSpoon River Analogy Essay1751 Words   |  8 PagesSpoon River Analysis Zilpha Marsh Of all the characters in Spoon River, only one has the key ingredient that makes the book complete; that person is Zilpha Marsh. Even though Zilpha is mentioned only once within the book, she represents a controversial issue debated everywhere and can be related to people in real life. Zilpha represents mystery, supernatural, and spiritual beings, every word that is written about her suggest a deeper and more complex meaning; her entire character permeates anRead MorePoetry Analysis Paper of Edgar Lee Masters and Amy Lowell1857 Words   |  8 Pagestend to be farmland people. His poem â€Å"Lucinda Matlock† is told to the reader from the protagonist’s, an old woman’s point of view, which makes this a dramatic monologue, because she talks about herself and her life. She does this as though she is reflecting back on her life, over a seventy year span. Masters’ poem does not follow a specific rhythm and rhyme pattern that readers were previously used to bef ore the modernist movement came about, making this a modern poem. â€Å"Lucinda Matlock† was inspiredRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pagesand John Locke: Late 1600s 8 3. Beginning of Children’s Literature: Late 1700s 10 4. Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Children’s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Potters’ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Children’s Literature Definitions 31 The Ancient World [ancient Rome; 50 BCE to 500 CE] 31 The Middle Ages [500 to 1500 CE] 31 The European Renaissance [1500-1650 CE] 32 The 17th CenturyRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesPhenomenology of the Narrative, 16 II Problems of Film Semiotics Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. The Cinema: Language or Language System? 31 Some Points in the Semiotics of the Cinema, 92 Problems of Denotation in the Fiction Film, 108 III Syntagmatic Analysis of the Image Track Chapter 6. Outline of the Autonomous Segments in Jacques Rozier s film Adieu Philippine, 149 Chapter 7. Syntagmatic Study of Jacques Rozier s Film Adieu Philippine, 177 vii viii CONTENTS IV The Modern Cinema: Some TheoreticalRead MoreW1 Active Adj14109 Words   |  57 Pageswords in both spoken and written English, based on statistical analysis of the 390 million words contained in the Longman Corpus Network – a group of corpuses or databases of authentic English language. The Longman Communication 3000 represents the core of the English language and shows students of English which words are the most important for them to learn and study in order to communicate effectively in both speech and writing. Analysis of the Longman Corpus Network shows that these 3000 most frequentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespage intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor:Read Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 Pagesfrom diverse linguistic or cultural communities, arts-based activities can provide a link between home and preschool. Teachers welcome children’s cultures to preschool programs when they encourage children and families to share songs, dances, poems, music, visual art, or art-related objects and practices from home. Programs serving diverse children can create positive learning opportunities, culturally relevant curricula, and a sense of community by including visual and performing arts that

Ethical Issues in Mental Health of the Nurses- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEthical Issues in Mental Health of the Nurses. Answer: Introduction: Occupational stress is slowly becoming the biggest risk factors in any workplace environment as it comes with a wide range of harmful health issues. Many nurses in Australia are showing signs of severe depression and anxiety as they suffer from dreadful occupational stress while withstanding tremendous physical exhaustion (Rickard et al., 2012). The report deals with a case study of an Australian nurse who is suffering from tremendous depression and gives an idea to the coworkers that how to deal with the situation. This report gives an insight relating this grave issue with the relevant sections of Australian Registered Nurse Standard for Practice. The purpose of this report is to discuss the proximity of the rules of Australian Registered Nurse Standard for Practice with respect to the ethical issues like occupational stress. Discussion: A study published in the Medical journal of Australia revealed that the rate of depression and suicide in higher in the medical professionals compared to the people with other professions (Milner, Spittal Bismark, 2017). The study revealed that the occupational gender norms are causing the male nurses to dive deep to depression and attempt suicide as the gender norm makes the practitioners reinforce some traditional feminine behaviors. The stigma around the profession creates anxiety amongst the male nurses, which sometimes drive the male nurses to attempt suicide. On the other hand, the female practitioners suffer from severe anxiety and depression over family-work conflict, their inability to give their family the required time, late working hours, and job demands. They always feel anxiety over their performance at their workplace (Orly, Rivka, Rivka, Dorit, 2012). Moreover, the nurses need to provide the patients a caring environment. Sometimes, they grow to be emotionally attached to some dying patients, whose death leads them to be traumatized for sometimes. This also leads them to have depression (Khamisa, Peltzer, Oldenburg, 2013). According to a study (2015) conducted by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, almost 89% of the nurses are female. The same data reveals that their average age is 44.4 years (Aihw.gov.au, 2017). At this age, every nurse becomes quite experienced and suffers from depression due to age, physical stress, mental stress, work overload, time pressure, and excess responsibility. The Australian nurse from the above-mentioned case study is suffering from severe depression and she even mentioned that she is having suicidal thoughts. Albeit, the Australian health care system enables the medical practitioners to have a Mental Sickness Day, the nurses are suffering from depression due to stress (Lemont, 2016). The medical practitioners like the doctors, nurses, and midwives are considered to be in a crucial and vital position as they provide care for the patients. However, they are also human beings who need to care for themselves. The unsettling workplace demands and constant stress leads them to develop both physical and mental illnesses. These issues can harm their ability to practice professionally. A study shows that almost 65% of Australian nurses and midwives have more or less one chronic disease, such as asthma, higher blood pressure rate and depression (Perry et al., 2016). The same study suggests that the nurses and the midwives have a larger exposure to high physical and emotional demands. If a nurse is suffering from a mental health issue, there is a bigger risk that that particular nurse in not compatible to give the patient the proper care. Their mental health compromises with their ability, and productivity. A nurse only can become an asset to the hospital when she (or he) is at the peak of her (or his) physical and mental ability. Only a healthy person can cope with the seemingly normal anxieties, which comes with this noble job. Having an illness has nothing to do with being at the peak; it means that the particular nurse is doing a good job in managing her (or his) job and caring for her own mental or physical health issues. A 2013 study by the National Mental Health Commission reported that more or less half of the Australian citizen aged 18-65 suffers from mental illnesses. If left untreated, the nurse with a diagnosed mental illness would have a disrupted ability to perform the ultimate crucial task that is, providing care for the needful patients (Mentalhealthcommission.gov.au, 2017). Immediate action: If a nurse has a severe mental illness like depression and anxiety disorder or is suicidal, the colleagues should help her battling the illness by taking care of the individual. The care should include taking the individual to a psychiatrist, helping the person to ease the workload. Many of the nurses can suffer from severe depression and PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) because of the severe stress and events they undergo. The co-workers have to understand that reacting to particular trauma with anger, fear or emotional outburst is normal. Nevertheless, everyone has to be alert about one particular fact that, if the emotional reactions sustain for more than four weeks, the nurse may have to undergo treatment. If a colleague of the nurse spots the signs and symptoms of any mental illness like depression, anxiety or PTSD, he or she should express concern over the condition. Doing this would provide the person a warm and supporting work environment. Having a frie ndly work environment would somehow ease up that person (Opie, 2013). What do you must do following this?: The colleagues of the mentioned nurse must take her (or him) to attain all the counseling session of the psychiatrist. The colleagues also should follow up about many small facts like, if their coworker has taken the prescribed medicines or not and if she (or he) has followed all the remedies prescribed by the therapist. The colleagues may suggest the person undergo the process of self-helping. This includes the practice of managing the thought-process, overall behavior and feelings. The self-help strategies include getting enough sleep, having a diet full of necessary nutrients, having a productive physical activity, keeping the stress level at bay and practicing mindfulness. As the nurses get minor time to relax, she (or he) can practice some relaxing techniques while having a bath. Many groups provide support to the nurses and midwives having any mental illness. The co-workers can help the particular nurse by taking her (or him) to any of the g roup (Quenot et al., 2012). The co-workers should understand one important fact, which is, the person with mental illness needs concern. Not being judgmental to the person would help her (or him) to recover even faster. The beautiful country of Australia features a diverse community with many populations with different heritages. The registered nurses of Australia follow the general rule of Registered Nurse Standard for Practice, which respects the culture of every people along with the general culture of health and prosperity. The noble profession of nursing goes beyond the general rule of clinical practice as the nurses can provide service to any ailing person being paid or unpaid. Which sections of theAustralian Registered Nurse Standards for Practiceapply here and why?: The registered nursing (RN) standard 2 and 3 can be applied here in this above-mentioned case. The standard two deals with the professional and therapeutic relationship between the nurses and the patient. In the above-mentioned case, the nurse mentioned here is now a mental patient and co-workers would have to play the role of her (or his) caregiver. To give care to that person, every other co-worker nurses would have to communicate with her (or him) effectively (section 2.2). The colleagues have to support and direct the patient towards the proper direction (section 2.4). According to section 2.5, the colleagues of that nurse have to use delegation, consultation, coordination, supervision, and referral to get the nurse with depression under proper care. In this case, the co-worker nurses have to be compassionate towards their colleague (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). The RN standard 3 deals with the maintenance of the capability of practice. The nurse who is dealing with depression should be aware of this nursing standard. The RN standard 3 states that the nurses have to be responsible to maintain their own physical and mental health. They have to be sure about if they are capable of treating the patient or if their physical and mental state is safe for the patients. The registered nurses have to ensure if they are contributing to uplift their own professional development as well as helping their colleagues to be more professionally developed (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). The colleagues of the mentioned nurse have to remind the nurse about taking care of her (or his) own health (section 3.1). This way both the professional relationship and the work environment would be healthier as everyone in the clinic would be capable of giving their best. The colleagues of the nurse would have to provide their troubled coworker with the needed education and information to help her (or him) to take control of her (or his) own health (section 3.2). The cordial relationship between the co-workers should be productive, as they need to learn from each other in order to develop and update their knowledge and skills along with the time (section 3.3). The troubled nurse has to be ready to take review and feedback from the colleagues in order to do better work. This way the depression and suicidal thoughts would not cause any problem in the way to do better work (section 3.5). The person has to know and identifies the role the profession plays in influencing the desirable health outcome for the common people (section 3.7) with the help of the colleagues. Doing this would be helpful for building a strong bond between the coworkers that would further promote the person to recover from the mental illness faster and better (Nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au, 2017). What are the possible legal/ethical implications?: The statement one from the code of ethics for nurses says that the nurses have to provide the quality nursing for everyone. To provide quality nursing, they have to be careful about themselves regarding the fact that, they are responsible for somebodys well-being. The nurse who is battling depression should get help from the psychiatrist as she (or he) has to be more open minded accepting the moral and legal responsibilities of the patient to provide more competent and accurate care (Baldwin, Barker, 2013; Hegney 2014). The colleagues of the mentioned nurse would also have to be more alert to see if the nurse is being able to provide care for the patient. However, the code 1 states the colleague to report any incompatibility, unsafe or unethical practice to report directly to the authority, the nurse with depression might not be able to differentiate between good practice or bad practice. The colleagues have to show more humanity in this matter and help the depressed colleague to recognize the problem. The harmony in workplace is much needed, where everyone is helping each other (Winland-Brown, Lachman, Swanson, 2015; Quenot et al. 2012) The value statement 2 says that the nurses always give value to self and the others. Having self-respect is necessary for everyone as well as respecting the others. The colleagues would respect the knowledge and competency the nurse suffering depression has (Lamont, 2016). All of the coworkers should show care and kindness towards each other and should help each other. If needed, the coworkers have to provide support to each other by collaborating. All the colleagues have to respect their mutual goal of providing proper care to the ailing (Waubrafoundation.org.au, 2017). Conclusion: The Health Workforce Australia published a report in 2012, which states that, by the year 2025, there will be a huge shortage of nurses. The Australian government is making an effort to increase recruitment in the nursing sector and retaining the experienced nurses. The current shortage of nurses in Australia is causing the nurses to face a huge workforce. The work ethics of nurses makes them be compassionate to the patients, but this may be the cause of the growing cases of compassion fatigue amongst the nurses. The compassion fatigue is common amongst the nurses who remain exposed to physical and emotional suffering for a long time. Long exposure to the compassion fatigue along with the occupational stress causes depression amongst the nurses. The severity of this problem is extreme, as some of the nurses even become suicidal. The co-workers would have to be more helpful, compassionate and kind towards them to help them battle the depression. The nurses would also have to take professional help to fight it and make a way for a better and healthy life. References: Baldwin, S., Barker, P. J. (2013).Ethical issues in mental health. Springer. Hegney, D. G., Craigie, M., Hemsworth, D., Osseiran?Moisson, R., Aoun, S., Francis, K., Drury, V. (2014). 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